Burner for hydrocarbon-furnaces



{No Model.)

J. J. WALTER. Burner for Hydrocarbon Furnaces;

.630. Ptented A il 5, 1881.

NPETERS; PHOTO-LITHOGRPHER. WlSHINGTON. D C

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

' J AGOB J. WALTER, OF INDIAN GREEK, PENNSYLVANIA.

BURNER FOR HYDROCARBON-FU RNACES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 239,630, dated April 5,1881.

Application filed April 30, 1880. (No model.)

Indian Creek, in the county of McKean and State of Pennsylvania, haveinvented certain I new and useful Improvements in Burners forHydrocarbon-Furnaces, of which the followin g is a specification.

Hydrocarbon liquidssuch, for example, as petroleum-when employed forheating purposes, are commonly introduced or injected into a furnace bymeans of a jet of superheated steam, and the object to be attained insuch burners or injecting devices is to effect the thorough com minglingof the hydrocarbon liquid and the steam, so that they are injectedtogether in the form of vapor or spray, and are readily and thoroughlyconsumed.

My invention consists in the combination, with a chamber or shell havinga tubular socket contracted at its innerend, of apipe for theintroduction of hydrocarbon liquid passing through said socket, andhaving its outer surface fitting closely within the inner surface of thecontracted portion thereof, one of the fitting-surfaces beingconstructed or provided with a series of spiral grooves,

. through which the steam entersin fine jets to commingle with thehydrocarbon liquid.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a longitudinal sectionthrough a burner or injecting device embodying my. invention. Fig. 2represents a cross-section upon the line a: m, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 representsa longitudinal section of the tubular socket or nozzle of a similarburner, in which the spiral grooves are formed upon the inner surface ofsaid socket or nozzle; and Fig. drepresents a transverse section uponthe dotted line y Fig. 3, with the pipe for the hydrocarbon liquidinserted therein.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all thefigures.

A designates the shell or chamber of the burner, which is represented asprovided with an open mouth, A, which serves to spread the flame. Fromthe end of the shell or chamber extends a tubular socket, B, which mightbe made in the same piece with the shell or chamber, but which is hererepresented as constructed in a cap-piece or cover, B, secured to theshell or chamber by means of a screwthread, a. The inner end, I), of thetubular socket B is contracted for a short distance from its mouth, soas to form a nozzle, and its outer end is closed by a plug, 0.

D designates a nozzle, to which the inletpipe for steam may be attached.

G designates a'pipe for the introduction of the hydrocarbon liquid,arranged within the tubular socket B, and secured in place, in thisinstance, by being screwed into the plug 0, and adjusted so that itsinner end is in proximity to the inner end of the said tubular socket.Between the exterior of said pipe and the side of the tubular socket isan annular duct for the circulation of steam, except at the contractedend portion b of the tubular socket, which is of a size to fit closelyaround the pipe 0. Between the. fitting-surfaces of the pipe 0 and thenozzle b-in the present instance up- 70 on the exterior of the endportion of the pipe O-are a number of grooves, d, which form channels orpassages for dividing the steam and causing it to enter the shell orchamber A in small jets, which enable it to more thoroughly comminglewith the hydrocarbon liquid entering through the pipeO; and to enablethis result to be more effectually accomplished the said grooves extendspirally upon the pipe C, so that the atoms of steam have imparted tothem a spiral motion, or rather a forward motion in a spiral direct-ion.

r The grooves cl may be more or less in number, and may be ofconsiderable size or very minute, as is found most desirable inpractice.

Instead of the spiral grooves 01 beingin the exterior of the pipe 0,they might be formed in the interior of the socket or nozzle b, as shownin Figs. 3 and 4, and in that case the end portion of the pipe 0 will beperfectly plain and smooth, as seen in Fig. 4.

Various hydrocarbon liquids-such as petroleum or the products of gasmanufacture, such as tan-may be employed, and the steam employed shouldbe superheated to a greater or less degree.

When the valves which control the admission of steam and hydrocarbonfluid are opened the steam passing around the pipe 0 and out through thegrooves (1 into the shell or chamber serves, in a measure, the purposeof an inj ector in drawin gin the hydrocarbon liquid, and

2 eaaeao as both issue into the shell or chamber they become thoroughlymingled together and form a spray or vapor which is Very combustible.

In the operation of my burner the numerous currents or jets of steamissuing from the grooves 61 in a spiral direction form, in point offact, a hollow tube the walls of which are moving spirally, and hencethe hydrocarbon liquid issuing through the pipe 0 cannot drop down orescape from this tube of steam without becoming mingled with the steam.Where the steam issues in separate straight jets much of the hydrocarbonliquid or spray escapes between the streams or jets of steam, and hencethe advantage of giving said streams or jets a spiral direction.

I am aware thatit is not new to employ two concentric nozzles, oneinside the other, to inject liquid by means of steam. I am also awarethat it is not new to introduce oil into a retort by means of a smallchamber through which the steam enters, which is placed just below theinduction-passage for the oil, and is provided with spiral ribs forgiving the entering steam a whirling motion. I am also aware that it isnotnewtoinject oilintoafurnaceby means of anozzle or pipe which isconcentric with and passes through a cap, in the end of which arenumerous holes or openings converging toward the mouth or end of the oilpipe or nozzle, and therefore I do not claim any of these as of myinvention.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, is

1. In a burner for hydrocarbons, the combination of a shell or chamberhaving a tubular socket extending from it and contracted at its innerend, a pipe for the introduction of hydrocarbon liquid passing throughsaid socket, and having its outer surface fitting within the innersurface of the contracted portion thereof, one of the so fittingsurfaces being constructed or provided with a series of spiral groovesfor the escape of steam, whereby the currents or jets of steam areimpelled in a spiral direction around the pipe through which the liquidenters, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. The combination of the shell or chamber A, the tubular socket B,comprising a contracted portion, b, the pipe 0, fitting the saidcontracted portion b, one of said fitting-surfaces being provided withspiral grooves 01, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

JACOB J. 'WALTER.

Witnesses:

A. R. SLOAN, J. J. BERNARD.

